Ts'ebetso ea ho Hloekisa Oli e jeoang: Metsi a Degumming

Ts'ebetso ea degumming setsing sa ho hloekisa oli ke ho tlosa litšila tsa marenene ka har'a oli e tala ka mekhoa ea 'mele kapa ea lik'hemik'hale,' me ke mohato oa pele ts'ebetsong ea tlhoekiso / tlhoekiso ea oli.Kamora ho hatelloa ka sekoti le ho ntša solvent ho tsoa lipeong tsa oli, oli e tala e na le li-triglycerides le li-non-triglyceride tse 'maloa.Sebopeho se seng sa triglyceride se kenyeletsang phospholipids, liprotheine, phlegmatic le tsoekere li ne li tla itšoara ka triglycerides ho etsa colloid, e tsejoang e le litšila tsa marinini.

Litšila tsa marenene ha li ame feela botsitso ba oli empa hape li ama phello ea ts'ebetso ea ho hloekisa oli le ts'ebetso e tebileng.Ka mohlala, oli e sa hloekisoang e bonolo ho etsa oli e entsoeng ka emulsified ka mokhoa oa ho hloekisa alkaline, kahoo e eketsa bothata ba ts'ebetso, tahlehelo ea ho hloekisa oli, le tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse thusang;ts'ebetsong ea decolorization, oli e se nang degummed e tla eketsa ts'ebeliso ea adsorbent le ho fokotsa ts'ebetso ea discoloring.Ka hona, ho ntša marenene hoa hlokahala e le mohato oa pele tšebetsong ea ho hloekisa oli pele ho hloekisoa ha oli, ho ntšoa ha 'mala oa oli, le ho ntša monko oa oli.

Mekhoa e ikhethileng ea ho hloekisa e kenyelletsa hydrated degumming(metsi a degumming), acid refining degumming, mokhoa oa ho hloekisa alkali, mokhoa oa adsorption, electropolymerization le mokhoa oa ho futhumatsa polymerization.Ts'ebetsong ea ho hloekisa oli e jeoang, mokhoa o sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa ke hydrated degumming, e ka ntšang phospholipids ea hydratable le phospholipids e seng ea hydrate, ha phospholipids e setseng e se nang hydrate e hloka ho tlosoa ka acid refining degumming.

1. Molao-motheo o sebetsang oa degumming ea hydrated (ho hloekisa metsi)
Oli e sa tsoakoang e tsoang ts'ebetsong ea mokelikeli e na le likarolo tse qhibilihang ka metsing, haholo-holo tse nang le phospholipids, tse hlokang ho tlosoa oli ho etsa hore ho be le pula e fokolang le ho tsitsa nakong ea lipalangoang tsa oli le polokelo ea nako e telele.Litšila tsa marinini joalo ka phospholipids li na le sebopeho sa hydrophilic.Pele ho tsohle, o ka hlohlelletsa le ho eketsa tekanyo e itseng ea metsi a chesang kapa tharollo ea metsi a electrolyte joalo ka letsoai le asiti ea phosphoric ho oli e tala e chesang.Ka mor'a nako e itseng ea karabelo, litšila tsa marinini li ne li tla koaheloa, li kokobele le ho ntšoa oli.Ts'ebetsong ea hydrated degumming, litšila haholo-holo ke phospholipid, hammoho le liprotheine tse 'maloa, glyceryl diglyceride, le mucilage.Ho feta moo, marenene a nkiloeng a ka fetoloa lecithin bakeng sa lijo, lijo tsa liphoofolo kapa bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea tekheniki.

2. Mokhoa oa ho tlosa metsi ka metsi (ho hloekisa metsi)
Ts'ebetso ea degumming ea metsi e kenyelletsa ho eketsa metsi ho oli e tala, ho kenya metsi ka likarolo tse qhibilihang ka metsing, ebe o tlosa boholo ba tsona ka karohano ea centrifugal.Karolo e khanyang ka mor'a karohano ea centrifugal ke oli e sa hloekang ea degummed, 'me karolo e boima ka mor'a ho arohana ha centrifugal ke motsoako oa metsi, likarolo tse qhibilihang ka metsing le oli e kenngoeng, hammoho e bitsoa "marenene".Oli e sa tsoakoang ea degumme e omisitsoe ebe e pholile pele e romeloa polokelong.Marenene a khutlisetsoa lijong.

Setsing sa ho hloekisa oli, mochini o hloekisang hydrate o ka sebetsoa hammoho le mochini o hloekisang oli, mochini oa decolorization le mochini o tlotsang monko, 'me mechini ena ke sebopeho sa mohala oa tlhahiso o hloekisang oli.Mohala oa tlhoekiso o arotsoe ka mofuta oa nakoana, mofuta o tsoelang pele, le mofuta o tsoelang pele ka botlalo.Moreki o ne a ka khetha mofuta ho latela matla a bona a tlhahiso a hlokahalang: fektheri e nang le matla a tlhahiso ea 1-10t ka letsatsi e loketse ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa mofuta oa nakoana, fektheri ea 20-50t ka letsatsi e loketse ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa mofuta o tsoelang pele, ho hlahisa. ho feta 50t ka letsatsi ho loketse ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa mofuta o tsoelang pele.Mofuta o sebelisoang haholo ke mohala oa tlhahiso ea hydrated degumming ea nakoana.